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/* Teaching: course guidance and a distinct doctoral section. */
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.blog-list{gap:18px}
.blog-item{padding:28px;background:#fff;border-bottom:0}
.blog-item:nth-child(odd){background:#edf5fa}
.blog-item:first-child{padding:28px}
@media(max-width:780px){.blog-item{padding:24px}.blog-item:first-child{padding:24px}}
